| Overview
|
| Title: |
Cuba:
Capitanía General Collection, 1851-1898 |
| Collection
No: |
CHC0380 |
| Extent: |
0.50
linear ft. (1 box) |
| Repository: |
Cuban
Heritage Collection, University of Miami Libraries |
| Location: |
39E1 |
| Abstract: |
The
Cuba: Capitania General Collection contains the "bandos"
(edicts), "Reales Ordenes" and official forms from the
governments of Valeriano Weyler and Ramón Blanco. |
| |
|
| Administrative
Information |
| Acquisition
Information: |
Purchased
from the Librería de Antaño, Buenos Aires, Argentina,
December 1993 |
| Processed
by: |
Esperanza
B. de Varona, January 1994 |
| Encoded
by: |
Pedro
A. Figueredo and Jeff Barry, January 2002 |
| Access
Restrictions: |
This
collection is unrestricted. |
| Preferred
Citation: |
Cuba:
Capitanía General Collection, Cuban Heritage Collection,
University of Miami Libraries, Coral Gables, Florida |
| Copyright
statement: |
©
2002 University of Miami. All rights reserved. Permission
to publish materials must be obtained from the Head
of the Cuban Heritage Collection. |
| |
|
| Historical
Note |
This
is a collection of "bandos" (edicts), "Reales Ordenes"
and official forms (1896-1898) published during the
governments of Valeriano Weyler and Ramón Blanco, Captain
Generals of the island of Cuba. Weyler was a central
figure in Cuba's War of Independence against Spain.
It was Don Práxedes Mateo Sagasta, who in the Spanish
Congress of March 8, 1895, inspired the attitude of
Spain against the Cuban rebellion: it was necessary
to find the harshest and most despised general to lead
a war to the death between the metropolis and the colony.
General Valeriano Weyler was the man chosen to complete
this task.
Weyler, following his acts perpetrated during Cuba's
Ten Years War, was already manifesting a policy of proceeding
with great energy and without contemplations. After
the battles of Coliseo and Peralejo and the advance
of Cuban troops into Pinar del Río, Weyler did not vary
the general Spanish attitude. Spain showed its vehement
desire to retain the beautiful island of Cuba.
It was the general support of the Spanish people that
kept the assassin and torturer of 1868 as interpreter
of the sentiments of those who wanted to maintain the
Cuban people subjected to the oppressive authority of
the Spanish government. Weyler carried out a war of
extermination against the Cuban people and came to symbolize
that terrible time in which ignorance, rage, and blind
stubbornness governed the attitude of Spain.
As a result of the barbaric repression of Weyler, thousands
of civilians were killed, hundreds of revolutionary
patriots were assassinated, and thousands of political
prisoners filled the prisons of La Cabaña, El Moro,
and La Cárcel. Despite the overwhelming support of the
Spanish government, the time came when exasperated with
defeats, Spanish leaders branded Weyler as careless
and inefficient. In 1897, Weyler was replaced by Captain
General Ramón Blanco.
During his government, Weyler dictated many "bandos"
(edicts) to be carried out by the Cuban people. One
of the most censored was the one related to the "concentración."
The punishment for not following the "bandos" was execution
by firing squad. |
| |
|
| Scope
and Content Note |
| The
Cuba: Capitanía General Collection contains the "bandos"
(edicts), "Reales Ordenes" and official forms from the
governments of Valeriano Weyler and Ramón Blanco. |
| |
|
| Series
Descriptions |
Series
I. Bandos, 1896, 1896-1898
Organization: Sub-series A: Weyler, Valeriano
and Sub-series B: Blanco y Erenas, Ramón
Extent: Five folders (Box1)
This
series consists of nineteen "bandos" (edicts) issued
by Valeriano Weyler and five "bandos" issued by Ramón
Blanco, Captain Generals of the island of Cuba. Of particular
interest are the "bandos" pertaining to re-concentration
and to tobacco and sugar harvests.
Series II. Reales Ordenes (Spain), n.d., 1866-1898
Organization: Sub-series A: Dirección General
de Artillería and Sub-series B: Capitanía General de
la Isla de Cuba
Extent: 10 folders (Box 1)
Series
II contains orders given by the Spanish government during
Cuba's wars of independence.
Series
III. Official Forms, n.d., 1851-ca. 1890s
Extent: Seven folders (Box 1)
This
series consists of blank forms of war criminal rosters,
military hospital records, and applications to become
Spanish army volunteers. |
| |
|
| Container
List |
|
Series I: Bandos, 1896-1898 |
| Box |
Folder |
Folder
Title |
| |
|
Sub-series
A: Weyler, Valeriano |
| 1 |
1 |
February
- March 1896 |
| |
2 |
April
- May 1896 |
| |
3 |
October
- November 1896 |
| |
4 |
January
- August 1897 |
| |
|
Sub-series
B: Blancos y Erenas, Ramón |
| |
5 |
January
- September 1898 |
Series II: Reales Ordenes (Spain), n.d., 1866-1898
|
| Box |
Folder |
Folder
Title |
| 1 |
|
Sub-series
A: Dirección General de Artillería |
| |
6 |
Dirección
General de Artillería, n.d., 1866 |
| |
|
Sub-series
B: Capitanía General de la Isla de Cuba |
| |
7 |
Estado
Mayor, n.d., 1866 |
| |
8 |
Ejército
de Operaciones en Cuba, n.d., 1897-1898 |
| |
9 |
Voluntarios
de la Habana, n.d., 1884 |
| |
10 |
|
Programas de las Fiestas que ha de Celebrar el Batallón
Voluntarios Cazadores, n.d., 1886-1898 |
| |
11 |
Academias
Militares, n.d., 1898 |
| |
12 |
Cuerpo
de Artillería e Ingenieros, n.d. |
| |
13 |
Ministerio
de Gracia y Justicia, 1878-1880 |
| |
14 |
Subinspección
de Infantería y Caballería, n.d., 1871-1880 |
| |
15 |
Zonas
de Cultivo, n.d. |
Series III: Official Forms, n.d., 1851-ca. 1890s
|
| Box |
Folder |
Folder
Title |
| 1 |
16 |
Criminales
de Guerra, n.d. |
| |
17 |
Depósito
de Transeuntes, n.d. |
| |
18 |
Hospital
Militar, 1851 |
| |
19 |
Infantería
del Distrito Militar de la Isla de Cuba: Estado que se
cita, n.d. |
| |
20 |
|
Modelos, ca. 1890s |
| |
21 |
Subinspección
de Infantería y Milicia, n.d. |
| |
22 |
Voluntarios
de la Isla de Cuba, n.d., 1867-ca. 1890s |
| |
|
|
| Related
Materials |
|
Selected published materials in CHC
and/or the University of Miami's Otto G. Richter Library:
Delgado, Octavio Avelino. The
Spanish Army in Cuba, 1868-1898: an Institutional Study.
Thesis, (Ph. D.)--Columbia University, 1980.
Gómez, Fernando. La
insurrección por dentro: apuntes para la historia.
Habana: M. Ruiz y Ca., 1897.
Mallin, Jay. Cuba's
Armed Forces: From Colony to Castro. Reston,
Va. Ancient Mariners Press, 2000.
Moreno Fraginals, Manuel. Guerra,
migración y muerte: el ejército español en Cuba como
vía migratoria. Gijón, Spain: Ediciones Júcar,
1993.
Reparaz, Gonzalo de. La
guerra de Cuba, estudio militar. Madrid: La
España Editorial, 1896.
Valeriano
Weyler
Cardona, Gabriel. Weyler,
nuestro hombre en la Habana. Barcelona, Spain:
Planeta, 1997.
Diego, Emilio de. Weyler:
de la leyenda a la historia. Madrid: Fundación
Cánovas del Castillo, 1998.
Weyler, Valerià. Mi
mando en Cuba (10 febrero 1896 á 31 octubre 1897); historia
militar y política de la última guerra separatista durante
dicho mando. Madrid: F. González Rojas, 1910-11.
Weyler y López de Puga, Valeriano, duque de Rubí. En
el archivo de mi abuelo, biografía del capitán general
Weyler. Madrid: Ediciones Verdad, 1946. |
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